Today marks a significant milestone in the global regulation of artificial intelligence as the European Union’s Artificial Intelligence Act receives final approval from the European Parliament. After five years of deliberation and negotiation, the AI Act is set to become a benchmark for other nations grappling with the complexities of AI regulation.
The AI Act, as expressed by Dragos Tudorache, emphasizes a human-centric approach, placing humans in control of technology while leveraging new discoveries, economic growth, societal progress, and human potential. This groundbreaking legislation aims to strike a balance between embracing the potential of AI and safeguarding against its potential risks.
The law takes a risk-based approach, categorizing AI applications based on their level of risk. While the majority of AI systems are expected to be low risk, high-risk applications such as those in medical devices or critical infrastructure face stringent requirements to ensure safety, quality, and transparency. Additionally, the AI Act prohibits certain uses of AI that are deemed to pose unacceptable risks, such as social scoring systems and some types of predictive policing.
In response to the rapid advancements in AI technology, the European Union has adapted the AI Act to encompass generative AI models, acknowledging their potential impact and influence. Companies that develop general purpose AI models are required to provide detailed summaries of the training data used and comply with EU copyright laws. This includes the labeling of AI-generated deepfake media and implementing measures to mitigate potential systemic risks and harmful biases.
The influence of the European Union’s regulations is expected to extend beyond its borders, with other nations and global organizations already making strides to establish their own AI governance frameworks. In the United States, President Joe Biden has signed an executive order on AI, while China has proposed its Global AI Governance Initiative. The global movement towards AI regulation underscores the need for a comprehensive and harmonized approach to this transformative technology.
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